Biomarker may help identify men with prostate cancer at greater risk of tumour metastasis

For about 90 percent of men with prostate cancer, the cancer remains localised to the primary site, resulting in a five-year survival rate of almost 100 percent. A recent report indicates that a significantly lower presence of syntaphilin (SNPH) – a mitochondrial protein within the tumour’s central core versus at the tumour’s invasive outer edge, may identify patients at increased risk of metastasis.

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Form drives function in cancer proliferation

A new study finds that the protein responsible for the crawling movements of cells also drives the ability of cancer cells to grow when under stress. The protein is actin, which is also a key component of the contraction apparatus of muscles throughout the body. The link between cell movement and signalling is through the cell’s actin cytoskeleton – chains of actin that dynamically assemble and disassemble to aid locomotion in cancerous and noncancerous cells.

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Circulating tumour DNA gives treatment options for the most common ovarian cancer type

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of ovarian cancer. The HGSOC tumours consist of several heterogeneous cell populations with a large number of mutations. This genetic variability makes it difficult to find drugs that would kill all the cancer cells, and to which the cells would not become resistant during treatment. Over half of the patients diagnosed with high-grade serous ovarian cancer die within five years of diagnosis, that is, annually more than 150 000 women globally.

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